When a tooth is significantly damaged—whether from a large cavity, a fracture, or a root canal—a simple filling may not be enough to restore its strength and function. In these cases, a dental crown is often the best solution. A dental crown is essentially a cap that is placed over a damaged tooth to restore its shape, size, strength, and appearance. Think of it as a protective helmet for your tooth.
While the concept of a crown is straightforward, the materials used to make them vary widely, each with its own unique benefits. At New Hyde Park Dental, we help you choose the best crown for your specific needs. Here’s a look at the most common types of dental crowns and their ideal uses.
1. Types of Dental Crowns: Porcelain or Ceramic Crowns
These crowns are known for their exceptional aesthetics. They are made entirely of porcelain or another ceramic material and are a favorite for teeth that show when you smile, like your front teeth.
Pros:
- Appearance: They closely match the color of your natural teeth, making them virtually indistinguishable from the real thing.
- Biocompatible: The material is metal-free, making it a great option for people with metal allergies.
Cons:
- Strength: While strong, they can be more brittle than metal crowns and may be more susceptible to chipping or cracking under heavy chewing pressure, especially on back molars.
- Wear on opposing teeth: In some cases, the abrasive nature of porcelain can cause wear on the teeth it bites down against.
Best Used For: Restoring front teeth and for patients with metal sensitivities.
2. Gold Crowns
For decades, gold crowns have been the standard for durability and longevity. They are made from an alloy that contains gold, copper, and other metals.
Pros:
- Durability: These types of dental crowns are incredibly strong and resistant to fracture and wear. A gold crown can last for a very long time, often outliving other types of crowns.
- Gentle on other teeth: The material wears down at a similar rate to natural tooth enamel, so it won’t cause excessive wear on the teeth it bites against.
Cons:
- Aesthetics: The metallic color is a clear giveaway that you have a crown, making them less popular for visible teeth.
- Cost: Gold crowns can be more expensive due to the price of the precious metal.
Best Used For: Restoring back molars that endure significant chewing force, where the crown’s appearance is not a primary concern.
3. Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) Crowns
These crowns are a hybrid of the two previous types. They have a metal inner structure for strength and a porcelain outer layer for a tooth-like appearance.
Pros:
- Strength and Aesthetics: They offer the best of both worlds—the strength of a metal crown combined with the natural look of a porcelain crown.
- Durability: The metal base provides excellent support, making them very durable.
Cons:
- Appearance: Over time, the metal can sometimes show as a dark line at the gum line.
- Wear on opposing teeth: The porcelain can still cause wear on the opposing teeth.
Best Used For: Both front and back teeth, as they provide a good balance of strength and appearance.
4. Types of Dental Crowns: Zirconia Crowns
A newer type of crown, zirconia crowns are a modern alternative that has quickly grown in popularity. They are made from a high-performance ceramic material, zirconium dioxide.
Pros:
- Exceptional Strength: They are incredibly strong and durable, rivaling gold crowns in their ability to withstand chewing forces.
- Excellent Aesthetics: They are tooth-colored, and new techniques allow for a translucent finish that can mimic the look of natural teeth.
- Biocompatible: Like porcelain, zirconia is a biocompatible material that’s well-tolerated by the body.
Cons:
- Hardness: Zirconia is very hard, which can sometimes lead to wear on opposing teeth if not properly polished.
Best Used For: Restoring both front and back teeth. They are a great choice for patients who want the strength of a metal crown with the natural look of porcelain.
The right crown for you depends on several factors, including the location of the tooth, your chewing habits, and your aesthetic goals. By discussing your needs with our team at New Hyde Park Dental, we can help you make an informed decision to ensure a long-lasting and beautiful smile.